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Lavatera phoenicea
''Lavatera phoenicea'' (syn. ''Althaea phoenicea'' Kuntze,〔(Synonymy of ''Lavatera'' at Malvaceae Info )〕 ''Lavatera coccinea'' Dietr. ex DC and ''Navaea phoenicea'' Webb.〔(''L. phoenicea'' at Malvaceae Info )〕) is a large shrub belonging to the family Malvaceae and tribe Malveae, endemic to the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands.
Webb and Berthelot included this plant in the separate, monotypic genus ''Navaea'', named for Alonso de Nava y Grimón, (1757-1832), founder of the botanical garden in Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife (Jardín de Aclimatación de la Orotava). The reason for including this species in a separate genus was the presence of nectaries in the base of each petal, which is unique in the Malveae tribe. Published studies (and some recent others not published yet) using molecular markers (chloroplast and ITS sequences) support this separation, as phylogenetic trees show ''L. phoenicea'' in a basal position in relation to the rest of ''Lavatera-Malva'' complex, and thus, as a palaeoendemic taxa.
This plant presents a clear bird pollination syndrome, a phenomenon shared with another 12 Macaronesian endemics (genus ''Muschia'', ''Lotus'', ''Isoplexis'', ''Canarina'', ''Echium'' and ''Scrophularia''). This bird pollination syndrome is pretty rare in these latitudes and seems to have independent origins according to phylogenies of each lineage.
''L. phoenicea'' is very rare and it is threatened. It grows only in northern cliffs in the massifs of Anaga and Teno, on Tenerife.
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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